Improved churn



J. YOUNG.

Churn.

Patented July 24, 1866.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN YOUNG, OF ADRIAN, OHIO.

IMPROVED CHURN.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 56,661, dated July 24, 1866.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, JOHN YOUNG, of Adrian, 111 the county of Seneca and State of Ohio,

have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ohurns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the nature, construction, and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l isv a plan of a churn embodying my improvements, the cover being removed to expose the interior arrangement. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the two figures.

This invention relates to ach urn in which the dasher acts as a plunger, the same being forced up and down by the vibration of a hand-lever. The dash-rod is made hollow and provided with a valve which acts to force air into the body of the cream at every descent of the dasher. The dasher is formed with two circular channels or grooves, one at its upper and one at its under side, and with apertures converging to the center and communicating with the channels or grooves, for the purpose to be hereinafter explained; and the interior of the churn is provided with ribs or guides to steady the dasher in its motions up and down within the churn.

In order that others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains may be enabled to fully understand and use the same, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation in detail.

In the accompanying drawings, A A may represent a churn or containing-vessel of customary form, and provided with an arm, B, which extends obliquely upward from the churn, and serves as the support and fulcrum for a lever, O, which is vibrated by hand and employed to move the dasher D up and down within the churn.

The lever (l is attached to the hollow dashrod E and to the support B by wooden pins F F.

The dasher D is disk-like in shape, and has a central depression, D, together with two circular grooves or channels, d d, in its upper and under side, respectively. The channels d d are concentric with the dash-rod E, the lower channel, d, being larger or of greater circumference than the upper channel, 01.

G G represent a circular series of apertures, which are bored obliquely through the dasher D, and which may have an oblong shape in their transverse section. These apertures are bored out in such a way as to open into the channel (I at top and into the channel d at bottom. Hence when the dasher is forced downward the cream passes up through the apertures G and circulates Within the upper channel, d, around the dash-rod, the uprising stream from each aperture being thus subjected to friction and collision with the main body in the channel cl, which greatly expedites the conversion of the cream into butter.

When the dasheris forced upward the cream is discharged downward into the lower channel, d, and against the sides of the churn.

The dash-rod E is hollow throughout its entire length, and in it is fixed a valve, 0, which opens when the dasher rises, but closes when it descends, so as to force air down below the dasher, in order to assist in agitating the cream.

H H are ribs or guides fixed to the sides of the churn and embraced by the edges of the openings I I, which are out out of the dasher D. These ribs and openings serve to guide the dasher as 1t is forced up and down within the churn, and prevent any irregularity or unsteadiness of motion.

I am aware that churns have heretofore been provided with perforated dashers and dashers of various irregular shapes, and therefore I do not wish to be understood as claiming this feature, broadly.

I am also aware that hollow dash-rods with valves, and also that ribs to guide the dasher, have before been employed. I do not, however, know of any other churn in which the parts are constructed and arranged in the particular manner herein described.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

The dasher D,f0rmed with the concentric channels 01 d and with perforations or apertures G G. communicating with said channels, in the manner and for the purposes ex plained.

JOHN YOUNG.

Witnesses J. A. LOMBARD, WM. J. BURNs. 

